China’s modern era began with an empire’s collapse — and spiraled into decades of chaos. This video traces the fall of the ...

This article appeared in History of War magazine issue 151. On 2 September 1945, Japanese forces officially surrendered to the Republic of China, ending the brutal occupation which began in 1937.

As Imperial Japanese soldiers scour the streets, a group of civilians in the eastern Chinese city of Nanjing seek refuge in a small photography studio. Developing photographs taken throughout the city ...