Chemical bonding is the force of attraction that holds atoms together to form molecules or compounds. There are two primary types of chemical bonds: ionic and covalent bonds. Both these bonds play a ...

A small piece of sodium metal is placed in a flask of chlorine gas. A little water helps expose the sodium so it can react with the chlorine gas. The reaction releases a lot of heat as the ionic ...

A cation refers to an atom or a group of atoms that bear one or multiple positive electric charges. An anion refers to an atom or a group of atoms that bear one or multiple negative electric charges.

The cooling and trapping of particles facilitates their precise interrogation and manipulation. Cooling lowers the momentum spread of particles and allows the interparticle interactions to dominate ...

Cold ion-atom interactions represent a rapidly evolving field that merges atomic physics, quantum chemistry and many-body dynamics. In ultracold environments, ions and neutral atoms engage in ...

The chemical battery was invented in 1800 and named after the Italian chemist, Alessandro Volta, and it's safe to say that modern appliances and electronics would have a difficult time thriving ...