Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that produces cross-sectional images of biological tissue, such as the retina. It reconstructs the internal structure of tissue ...

Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique that uses an instrument called a mass spectrometer to measure the mass-to-charge ratios of molecular ions. Molecules fragment within the mass spectrometer ...

Liquid-state lasers are promising wavelength-agile, reconfigurable coherent light sources, but fluid gain media introduce Brownian motion, thermal transport, and refractive-index fluctuations that ...